Reciprocal Phrases

The reciprocal pronoun همدیگر ('each other') also appears in the shortened form هم, if it is used with a preposition. In other cases the use of هم in this meaning is only common in spoken language.

Further forms of the pronoun همدیگر are یکدیگر, which is used in written language, as well as یکدگر and همدگر, both restricted to literary language.