Demonstrative Expressions

The demonstrative این ('this') points at objects close to the speaker, the demonstrative آن ('that') at those further away.

As demonstrative adjectives , این and آن are put before the noun and are in the singular even if the noun is in the plural.

Note that in connection with adverbs of place, این and آن mean 'here' and 'there':

آن بالا : Up there

این پایین : Down here

As demonstrative pronouns, این and آن are treated like nouns.